Dilution calculator and problems solver

These online calculators can help with dilution problems. Generally, in dilution problems, you either dilute a solution or mix two solutions with different concentrations. So, the first calculator below can solve dilution problems, and the second calculator below can solve mix problems. Theory and formulas can be found below the calculators.

Dilute a solution problems solver

This calculator can solve the following types of problems:

1. Find the final molarity of a solution
2. Find the final volume of a solution
3. Find the initial molarity of a solution
4. Find the initial volume of a solution

To see examples for each type of problem, change the problem type in the calculator below.

Dilution calculator and problems solver

Problem type

Find starting molarity

Find starting volume

Find final molarity

Find final volume

Example problem

 

Molarity of initial solution, mol/L

Volume of initial solution, liters

Molarity of final solution, mol/L

Volume of final solution, liters

Calculate

Molarity of initial solution, mol/L

 

Volume of initial solution, liters

 

Molarity of final solution, mol/L

 

Volume of final solution, liters

 

Calculation precision

Digits after the decimal point: 2

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Mix solutions problems solver

This calculator can solve the following types of problems:

1. Find the molarity of the final solution
2. Find the volume of the final solution
3. Find the molarity of one of the starting solutions

To see examples for each type of problem, change the problem type in the calculator below.

Mixed solutions calculator and problems solver

Problem type

Find final molarity

Find final volume

Find starting molarity

Example problem

 

First starting solution

Molarity of solution, mol/L

Volume of solution, liters

Second starting solution

Molarity of solution, mol/L

Volume of solution, liters

Final solution

Molarity of final solution, mol/L

Calculate

Molarity of final solution, mol/L

 

Volume of final solution

 

Molarity of second starting solution, mol/L

 

Calculation precision

Digits after the decimal point: 2

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Dilution and molarity

Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solute in a solution, usually simply by mixing with more solvent, like adding more water to a solution. To dilute a solution means to add more solvent without the addition of more solute. The resulting solution is thoroughly mixed to ensure that all parts of the solution are identical.

Solution concentration is described with molarity (or molar concentration), which is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, measured in mol/liter, denoted as M, and calculated as follows:

which can be rearranged like this

The key to problem solving is the understanding that after dilution we still have the same amount of solute in moles. If we denote starting molarity as , starting volume as , final molarity as and final volume as , we can write

,

which gives us the following proportion

,

This equation is used in the first calculator. For example, to find final molarity, you use

The same logic can be applied to the mix problems. Of course, we assume that the problems are about mixing the same solute, and there is no volume contraction upon mixing.

Thus, the equation look like follows:

, and

where and denotes two different starting solutions.

From these equations, it is easy to find the final values or unknown concentration of one of the starting solutions.

Sometimes dilution problem gives amounts of solute in grams. In this case, you need to know the solute's chemical formula and then convert the mass of the solute to the number of moles or find molarity. You can use Molar mass of the substance and Molarity calculator for this.